This overview gave me a clearer picture of the EU’s overall structure and the complexity that inevitably arises from bringing together multiple major powers. While Japan and the EU share common views in several areas, meaningful cooperation is most effective in domains where our interests genuinely align, such as mutual-recognition frameworks.
At the same time, it is important not to view the EU as a single entity to keep at a distance. Its internal diversity offers opportunities for Japan to engage selectively and shape outcomes where necessary. A balanced approach—focusing on aligned areas while remaining sufficiently involved in more difficult ones—will better protect and advance Japan’s long-term interests.
